The study addresses analytical and numerical approaches to design remote sensing satellite constellations for a given set of requirements. The requirements are given in terms of figures of merits (FOMs) which include revisit time, response time and percent coverage. The analytical analysis is done using ground track properties of the satellite orbit which identify the fundamental shift (SF). This shift represents the gap in the ground track between each successive pass after one complete nodal period of the satellite. The relation between SF and swath width (Sw) of the satellite is utilized to determine the number of satellites needed to get consecutive coverage of all points within a region of interest (ROI) on Earth. The analytical approach is used to design single-plane and multi-plane constellations to achieve certain FOMs. The change in orbit configuration highly impact the ground track properties and FOMs. Understanding space environment disturbances is crucial for maintaining the designed constellation orbits and ensuring the required coverage performance. On the other hand, different operational modes might be requested for particular constellation mission which could require different satellites’ configuration. Therefore, nonlinear control algorithms utilizing low-thrust maneuvers are used for constellation maintenance and reconfiguration problems. The second part of this study discusses numerical analysis to evaluate and verify the performance of remote sensing satellite constellations. An Earth Coverage Analysis Tool (eCAT) based on MATLAB is developed by the Astrodynamics group in the Propulsion and Space Research Center (PSRC) at the Technology Innovation Institute (TII). The tool provides the capability of designing and analyzing satellite constellation coverage FOMs and investigating control algorithms efficiency to maintain and reconfigure constellation orbits and its relative placement.